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Objective:To observe the morphological and hemodynamics changes of aortic segments in mice with angiotensinogen Ⅱ(Ang II) combined with β-aminopropionitrile(BAPN) induced-aortic dissection by color Doppler ultrasound(CDUS).Methods:Twenty male mice of 6-8 weeks old C57BL/6 were randomly divided into two groups: the model group( n=10) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of Ang Ⅱ combined with BAPN to establish mice model with aortic dissection; the control group( n=10) was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline.The body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the mice were routinely recorded. On the 42th day, CDUS was used to measure the indexes of ascending aorta(AoA), descending thoracic aorta(DAo) and suprarenal aorta(SAo) in both groups, including the inner diameter of the cross section, peak systolic velocity(PSV), the end diastolic velocity(EDV), the resistance index(RI), the pulsatility index(PI), time average mean velocity(TAMV), the heart rate(HR) and the maximal shear rate(SR). Then, the aortas were harvested from the root to the bifurcation of the renal artery. The pathological changes of the aortic wall were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Results:①There were statistically significant differences in body weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate between the model group and the control group(all P<0.05). Compared with the control group(0/10), the incidence of the AoA dissection(8/10) in the model group was obviously higher, the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05); while the incidence of the DAo dissection(4/10) and the SAo dissection(3/10) in the model group was slightly higher, the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). ②Compared with the ascending aorta of the control group, the inner diameter, PSV, EDV, TAMV, PI and SR in the model group were significantly higher(all P<0.05), while RI showed no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). For the descending thoracic aorta, PSV, EDV, TAMV, PI and SR in model group were higher than those of the control group(all P<0.05), however the inner diameter and RI were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). And for the superior renal aorta, PSV, TAMV, RI, PI and SR in the model group were obviously higher than the control group(all P<0.05), whereas the inner diameter and EDV were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). ③The HE of the tissue section in the model group showed, the aortas were obviously dilated, irregular, with inhomogeneously thickening wall; the endothelial cell nuclei were slightly stained, and some intima and middle layer ruptured and protruded outward to form dissecting aneurysms. The adventitias were markedly infiltrated with inflammatory cells. Conclusions:Ultrasonography could primarily evaluate the hemodynamic changes of aorta in hypertension with aortic dissection, and the PSV, TAMV, PI and SR of aorta may be important indicators for early predicting the occurrence of aortic dissection in hypertension.
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Objective To provide reference for anti-infection treatment and individual pharmaceutical care in patient on peritoneal dialysis. Methods The plasma concentration of vancomycin in patient on peritoneal dialysis was monitored by clinical pharmacists. The anti-infection treatment plan was evaluated and adjusted according to the bacterial culture and drug sensitivity results of the abdominal dialysis fluid. The adverse reactions of pancytopenia induced by vancomycin were documented. Results Infection in the patient on peritoneal dialysis was effectively controlled. The related indicators of pancytopenia were improved. Conclusion A case of pancytopenia induced by vancomycin in the patient on peritoneal dialysis was analyzed to get clinical staff's attention to this adverse reaction and improve the safety of vancomycin administration.
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Objective:To explore the clinical value of point-of-care ultrasonography(PoCUS) in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods:Consecutive 196 patients suspected of acute PE were enrolled in East Branch, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2017 to November 2017. All the patients were categorized into no PE group( n=143) and PE group( n=53) based on CTPA results. PoCUS was performed and considered diagnostic for PE if one or more right ventricular dysfunction (right ventricular dilation, right ventricular free wall hypokinesia, increased tricuspid regurgitation velocity or decreased tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion), deep venous thrombosis(DVT) or subpleural infarcts were detected. Results:With CTPA as the gold standard for diagnosis, the sensitivity (94.34%), Youden index (0.531) and the area under the ROC curve(AUC) (0.765) of the combined diagnosis of PE by transthoracic echocardiography(TTE), lower limb vein compression ultrasonography(CUS) and lung ultrasonography (LUS) were the highest. The specificity (94.41%) and accuracy (81.63%) of LUS in the diagnosis of PE were the highest, and the misdiagnosis rate (5.59%) of LUS the lowest. The sensitivity of the combined triple PoCUS (TTE, CUS, and LUS) diagnosis of PE was higher than TTE and CUS combined diagnosis ( P=0.016), and the sensitivity and specificity were higher than TTE and CUS combined diagnosis as a whole ( P<0.005). Conclusions:The combined triple PoCUS (TTE, CUS, and LUS) has the highest accuracy in the diagnosis of PE, while LUS has a high specificity and a low misdiagnosis rate in the diagnosis of PE. Therefore, it is recommended to apply the combined triple PoCUS in clinical practice.
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Objective To evaluate the application of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and intima-media thickness of carotid artery (CA-IMT) in renal arteriolar sclerosis patients with chronic renal failure.Methods One hundred and twenty nine patients with chronic renal failure patients underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy from October 2013 to June 2014,the biopsy results showed that renal arteriolar sclerosis was identified in 72 patients (atherosclerosis group) and no renal arterioles sclerosis was detected in 57 patients (non-atherosclerosis group);71 healthy adults were enrolled in the study as controls.The age,height,body weight,systolic and diastolic blood pressure,the indexes of blood lipid and renal function were documented and compared among three groups.The correlation of AIP and CBMmax of common carotid artery and carotid bifurcation with blood lipid level and renal function was analyzed.Results There was significant difference in body weight among patients with atherosclerosis [(70.77 ± 14.27) kg],without atherosclerosis [(60.63 ± 12.12) kg] and the controls [(64.20 ± 8.13) kg] (t =3.071,3.391,all P ＜ 0.05).The TG [(2.43 ± 1.61) mmol/L vs.(1.02 ± 0.37) mmol/L],TC [(7.40 ± 8.80) mmol/L vs.(4.53 ±0.67)mmol/L],LDL-C[(4.40 ±2.13) mmol/L vs.(2.85 ±0.70) mmol/L],AlP[(0.15 ± 0.351) vs.(-0.127 ± 0.184)] of the atherosclerosis group were higher than those of control group (t =5.975,2.252,2.614,-5.467,all P ＜ 0.05).The HDL-C of atherosclerosis group was lower than that of control group [(0.78 ±0.16) mmol/L vs.(1.29 ±0.21) mmol/L,t =4.750,P ＜0.05].The Scr[(117.24 ± 94.27) mmol/L vs.(64.16 ± 13.42) mmol/L],BUN [(6.73 ± 3.58) mmol/L vs.(4.66 ± 1.08) mmol/L] of the atherosclerosis group were higher,and the GFR was lower [(65.60 ±23.00)ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 vs.(124.78 ± 24.35)ml · min-1l.73 m-2,t =5.118] than those of control group (t =4.730,4.702).The Scr of the atherosclerosis group was higher,and the GFR was lower [(65.60 ± 23.00) ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 vs.(95.60±53.00)ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2,t =3.514] than those of the non-atherosclerosis group [(117.24 ± 94.27) mmol/L vs.(71.35 ± 42.18) mmol/L,t =3.690].There were positive correlation between TG and LDL-C (r =0.828,0.323,P ＜ 0.05) and negative correlation between AIP and HDL-C (r =-0.489,P ＜0.05).There was positive correlation of CBMmax with Scr,BUN and AIP (r =0.394,0.289,0.528,all P ＜ 0.05),and negative correlation between CBMmax and GFR (r =-0.277,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Body weight,GFR,AIP and CBMmax are useful indicators in evaluation of renal arteriolar sclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure.AIP is a sensitive index for abnormal blood lipid level.AIP and CBMmax are important risk factors in chronic renal failure patients with renal arteriolar sclerosis.
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BACKGROUND:Urine-derived stem cels are most likely to come from the kidney tissue, and therefore, these cels are more adaptable to kidney microenvironment, providing a new option for the treatment of kidney diseases. OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic efficacy of human urine-derived stem cels on chronic nephropathy rats. METHODS:The fresh urine samples of healthy people were colected, and then human urine-derived stem cels were extracted and cultured in vitro. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were used to prepare chronic nephropathy models, and given injection of human urine-derived stem cel suspension (experimental) or normal saline (control) into the renal cortex, respectively. Another 10 healthy rats were used as controls. Therapeutic effects on renal function were assessed by detection of serum creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate in the three groups. The kidney tissues of rats were taken and observed histomorphologicaly in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Human urine-derived stem cels were found to remarkable improve rat’s renal function as wel as reduce the histomorphological changes in the kidney tissues of rats. Compared with the control group, the serum creatinine level was decreased while the glomerular filtration rate was increased significantly in the experimental group; CD68 expression and infiltration of interstitial inflammatory cels were also markedly reduced in the experimental group. To conclude, human urine-derived stem cels can improve the renal function of chronic nephropathy rats.
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This article analyzed the limitation of the traditional microcosmic teaching of morphology and the advantages of the interaction of the microscopic digital system applied in experimental teaching of morphology.
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Objective To clone the fragment of hepatitis C virus(HCV) core gene and express it in E.coli.Methods The fragment of HCV core gene(approximate 366bp) was amplified by PCR and inserted into the pMD18-T vector.The cloned HCV core gene,which was confirmed by the digestion with EcoRⅠ/BamHⅠ,was subcloned into the expression vector pBV220 to construct recombinant plasmid pBV220/HCV-C.The expressed gene product was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.Results The fragment of HCV core gene was expressed successfully after temperature induction and a protein of 14 000 u was resulted.Conclusion Expression of the HCV-C gene in E.coli was achieved,which may be helpful for further studies on characterizations of HCV-C gene.